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Presbyopia causes and treatments

While it’s the most common cause of vision impairment, its impact on daily life is often underestimated. Millions of people experience frustration due to difficulty performing close-up tasks, such as reading small print or using digital devices.1,2

Presbyopia: a natural, inevitable part of the aging process3

Presbyopia affects 128 million people in the US
128 Million

Presbyopia  is caused by the natural reduction of lens elasticity and diminished focusing power.2

It impacts nearly 128 million people in the U.S. and typically begins as early as age 40.2,4

It affects the eye’s ability to change shape and focus on close objects, making close-up vision tasks more difficult.2

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Presbyopia  is caused by the natural reduction of lens elasticity and diminished focusing power.2
128 Million

It impacts nearly 128 million people in the U.S. and typically begins as early as age 40.2,4

Presbyopia affects 128 million people in the US

It affects the eye’s ability to change shape and focus on close objects, making close-up vision tasks more difficult.2

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Normal eye function

Clear near-vision results from the eye’s ability to adjust focus as objects move closer or farther away. This adjustment results from5,6:

  • The lens changing shape to increase focusing power (driven by the ciliary muscle)
  • The pupil changing size to control light and sharpen focus (through balance of the iris sphincter and dilator muscles)

Together, these actions help the eye adapt to different distances and lighting conditions.

Up close human eye

The impact of presbyopia

With age, the eye lens becomes less flexible. This limits its ability to accommodate, leading to blurred near vision. Consequences of limited accommodation ability include3:

  • Difficulty focusing on close-up tasks
  • Difficulty adapting to different levels of ambient illumination (particularly in dim or low-contrast settings), which can make presbyopia symptoms more noticeable and disruptive

These changes cause people with presbyopia to struggle with everyday tasks like reading price tags, checking a phone, or adjusting between indoor and outdoor light.

Common glasses that people with presbyopia use

Current presbyopia treatments may not address real-life needs

Modern lifestyles demand more convenient presbyopia correction options without daily disruption7:

  • Glasses and contact lenses don’t address underlying physiological changes in the natural lens and ciliary muscle5,6
  • Current topical miotics improve near vision but may not balance efficacy with
    tolerability    8
  • With some miotics, the eye’s inability to maintain natural balance between iris sphincter contraction and dilator relaxation impairs optimal pupil size across varied lighting conditions6,8
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Tenpoint Therapeutics™ is focused on solving daily challenges of presbyopia through patient-centered innovation.

We’re prioritizing:

Functional near vision

to address real-world needs

Woman with presbyopia reading a dinner menu
As we better understand presbyopia, there’s a growing need for solutions that improve daily near-vision tasks and offer the potential to7:
  • Improve ease of reading in work and social settings
  • Fit seamlessly into active, social, and professional lifestyles
Woman with presbyopia reading a dinner menu

Duration of effectto meet the most demanding part of the day

Woman with presbyopia and her partner looking at a computer screen

For patients with presbyopia struggling with blurry near vision, everyday tasks become challenging. These patients are looking for a solution that7:

  • Is reliable, convenient, and doesn’t interrupt their day
  • Does not require booster doses
Woman with presbyopia and her partner looking at a computer screen

Tolerability profile to maintain long-term use

Father reading a bedtime story to his child under dim light

Patients with presbyopia are seeking near-vision improvement options that7:

  • Allow them to go about their daily activities without interference
  • Are manageable for use over a long period of time
Father reading a bedtime story to his child under dim light
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We’re going beyond visual acuity to address unmet real-life needs and improve eye health for those living with presbyopia.

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References: 1. World Health Organization. Blindness and vision impairment. Updated August 10, 2023. Accessed September 4, 2025. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blindness-and-visual-impairment 2. Katz JA, Karpecki PM, Dorca A, et al. Presbyopia—a review of current treatment options and emerging therapies. Clin Ophthalmol. 2021;15:2167-2178. 3. Mancil GL, Baily IL, Brookman KE, et al. Optometric clinical practice guideline: care of the patient with presbyopia. American Optometric Association; 2011. 4. American Optometric Association Health Policy Institute. New Approaches to Presbyopia. 2023. 5. Zuo H, Cheng H, Lin M, et al. The effect of aging on the ciliary muscle and its potential relationship with presbyopia: a literature review. PeerJ. 2024;12:e18437. 6. Mathôt S. Pupillometry: psychology, physiology, and function. J Cogn. 2018;1(1):16. 7. Lang JR, Garlich J, Kaiser Maharjan E. The science of formulation: advancing presbyopia treatment through optimized design. Optometry Times. March 13, 2025. Accessed September 4, 2025. https://www.optometrytimes.com/view/the-science-of-formulation-advancing-presbyopia-treatment-through-optimized-design 8. De Gracia P, Pucker AD. Pharmacological modulation of pupil size in presbyopia: optical modeling and clinical implications. J Clin Med. 2025;14(17):6040.

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